(sw) Richard Münch, Professor of Sociology at the University of Bamberg, said that this paradigm itself is not really new is because it is determined by neoliberalism, which has about 25-30 years more more sections of society penetrates. But it was the universities and the researchers exposed the community to see more and more. Muench said in the lecture series at the MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Halle changed - changed science. " The lecture was titled "The University in the competition for excellence. By the academic community to the strategic operating company. "
He shared the first part of his lecture at macro, meso and micro levels, pointing to the changes. He noted that there is an "academic capitalism" there, to which the researchers are doing more "research managers, First, because there was an international competition, second, the finances were very tight and, thirdly, the world is becoming more complex and therefore would have to adapt human. It is presented as the only alternative to reform and how Munch said, reference is made to other countries such as the United States. Similarly, a freedom is propagated by external funding. The while the academics increasingly dependent on external donors / inside will be hidden like this.
At the meso level, there is a shift between the "weakening of academic self-government" and the simultaneous "Strengthening the university administration." And finally, at the micro level more and more techniques applied economics - under the guise of quality improvement. So the faculty evaluations are controlled by increasingly evaluated and thus attempts to compare the performance to drive poor Evaluated for more power. It is then, as Munch noticed a question: "Benefit all players from the competition? Is it really a multi-sum game or a zero-sum game? "
In the second part of the approximately 75-minute lecture Munch went on rankings and the disparity between the universities. He stressed that rankings can not reflect reality, but in the sense Luhmann a "complexity reduction" . Cause This however means that departments are ranked very high, but the specific profile and will not play so designed with indicators and statistics of a "new reality". A long-term consequence is that the sites that are in the rankings above, rarely lose their "good" position, but strengthen it, however. The reason is that valuations will vary based on reputation, and then survey participants to assess the university, it is usually done in the results of previous years. Thus, the reproduced image and reputation of a university or a faculty quite strong Munch himself underscored this is still a Study from the United States. In this survey was carried out at the top found 20 Department of Sociology, that these 20 departments replace 80 percent of doctorate holders among them, and that the top 20 departments occupied 74 percent of all teaching staff; of 94 departments. Munch As noted, are forming a core and a periphery, which is not geographically, but are usually determined by reputation.
This focus on the alleged academic elite in Germany by the allocation of resources even further strengthened. Thus, only 56.2 percent of public funds given to universities, but already 16.7 percent of the Helmholtz Centres, or 7.2 percent at the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. This trend is also reflected in the variation in the level of back-and third-base resources. Thus, the external funding increased from 1980 to 2003 by 6,5 times, the basic funds in the same period by only 2.6 times. The existing inequality, then, as Munch says, not by the competition away with, but cemented. The excellence award funds is no exception, ie after the Matthew principle "Who is the given.". Finally, Richard Münch called this process as "over-investment" at the top and "investment" in the crowd.
It can therefore be said that the German higher education policy under the Guise of competition is a structural imbalance between the "beacons" of the German scientific community and university education provides. By the Excellence Initiative and the lack of funding of universities by federal and state her succeed even more. Left high school policy must have the aim to ensure recognition of all scientific achievements and the research community is not in "excellent" and "not excellent" to divide. Moreover, the economic recovery logic must be from the academic world to be removed. This competitive spirit is fundamental to all research, because each / r researcher for new knowledge investigated. However, direct financial incentives or penalties shall neither research nor should be hindered or prevented by pressure mechanisms research. Especially the variety characterized the science and get them to stay should continue.
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